Nickel-based alloys xa mus rau ib chav kawm ntawm cov alloys uas muaj cov khoom zoo xws li lub zog siab thiab qee yam oxidation thiab corrosion kuj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 650 txog 1000 degree. Raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb, nws yog subdivided rau hauv nickel-based superalloys, npib tsib xee-raws li corrosion-resistant alloys, nickel-raws li hnav-resistant alloys, npib tsib xee-raws li precision alloys thiab npib tsib xee-raws li cov duab nco alloys.
1. Nickel-based superalloys
Cov ntsiab lus alloying tseem ceeb yog chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, txhuas, titanium, boron, zirconium, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, chromium plays lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab lwm yam khoom ua lub luag haujlwm ntxiv dag zog. Nws muaj lub zog siab, oxidation tsis kam, thiab roj corrosion kuj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 650 txog 1000 degree. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm high-temperature Cheebtsam rau aero-engine hniav thiab foob pob ua ntxaij cav, nuclear reactors, thiab lub zog hloov khoom siv.
2. Nickel-raws li corrosion-resistant alloys
Lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab yog tooj liab, chromium thiab molybdenum. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo meej thiab tiv taus ntau yam acid corrosion thiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion. Daim ntawv thov ntxov tshaj plaws yog npib tsib xee-tooj liab, tseem hu ua Monel alloy; Tsis tas li ntawd, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-molybdenum alloy, nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy, thiab lwm yam. Rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam corrosion-resistant qhov chaw.
3. Nickel-raws li hnav-resistant alloy
Lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab yog chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, thiab kuj muaj me me ntawm niobium, tantalum thiab indium. Ntxiv nrog rau nws hnav tsis kam, nws muaj oxidation zoo, corrosion kuj thiab vuam kev ua tau zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom hnav-tiv taus, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv cladding los pleev xim rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm surfacing thiab txau txheej txheem.
4. Nickel-raws li precision alloys
Xws li nickel-raws li mos magnetic alloys, npib tsib xee-raws li precision kuj alloys thiab nickel-based electrothermal alloys, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau siv mos sib nqus hlau alloys yog permalloys uas muaj li ntawm 80 feem pua ntawm npib tsib xee. Lawv muaj siab tshaj plaws thiab pib permeability thiab qis coercivity. Lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob. Lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab ntawm nickel-raws li precision kuj alloys yog chromium, aluminium, thiab tooj liab. Cov hlau no muaj kev tiv thaiv siab, tsis tshua muaj kub coefficient ntawm resistivity thiab zoo corrosion kuj, thiab yog siv los ua resistors. Nickel-based electrothermal alloy yog nickel alloy uas muaj 20 feem pua chromium, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo oxidation thiab tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab tuaj yeem siv tau ntev ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1000-1100 degree.
5. Nickel-raws li zoo li nco alloy
Ib qho nickel alloy uas muaj 50 (ntawm) feem pua ntawm titanium. Lub rewarming kub yog 70 degree, thiab cov duab nco nyhuv yog zoo. Ib qho kev hloov me me hauv qhov sib piv ntawm npib tsib xee-titanium tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 30 txog 100 degree. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm tus kheej nthuav dav cov qauv siv nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau, nws tus kheej-energizing fasteners siv nyob rau hauv aerospace kev lag luam, thiab dag lub plawv motors siv nyob rau hauv biomedicine.
